Where Can You See Both the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean at the Same Time

§ 9. Atlantic Bounding main (textbook)

§ 9. Atlantic Ocean

Surface Sea - 91, 7 meg км².

Average depth - 3600 g.

Maximum depth - 8742 m.

1. Recollect coasts of continents where washed by the Atlantic Ocean.

2. What strait connects Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Ocean and Pacific Sea?

3. What are the known pilots making its expanses of Atlantic Body of water?

GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION AND SIZE. Atlantic Ocean is between America and Europe in the west and east Africa. The limits of the Indian and Pacific oceans made provisional - on the meridians of the capes at the southern edges of Africa and South America to Antarctica. The name given the ancient Atlantic Bounding main Greek proper noun for the mythical titan Atlas (Atlanta)Who allegedly stood on the border of the World and held on their shoulders round. In different times of bounding main called the "sea in the Pillars of Heracles", "Western Ocean", "The sea of darkness." Name Atlantic ocean confirmed in Geography from 1507

Atlantic Ocean - the 2nd largest sea planet. Equally and quiet, information technology extends from the sub-Arctic latitudes to Antarctica (16 000 km). His hallmarks are narrow and elongated shape. And in the due north, and due south it has a wide waterways with cold polar waters. Past deep Atlantic Ocean is the second after the Pacific. Maximum depth is marked in deep Puerto Rico Trench (8 742 1000).

Among Body of water Atlantic Ocean distinguish internal (Baltic, Mediterranean, Black, Azov) And okrayinni (N, Caribbean area). The largest trophy are Mexican, Biscayand Guinea. For the size they yield seas.

Well-nigh of the islands located near the land and has mainland origin (Republic of ireland UK, Swell Antilles). Are volcanic Islands of Iceland, Canary. Coral origin have Bermuda Islands.

Interesting geography

Sea Vegetable

Sargasso Body of water is 1 of the most mysterious seas of the world. His it got the name for cluster in the storied water layer floating chocolate-brown Sargas algae. Their bundles light-green-brown spots on the blue prostupayut bounding main surface. In 1492 Christopher Columbus wrote in his diary: "So many grass, which seemed all the sea is teeming with it. " The Spanish sailors algae covered air bubbling, reminiscent of grape sargo. Hence, the proper name Sargasso literally ways body of water grape body of water. Interestingly, it has no coast, and its define the limits of bounding main currents.

HISTORY STUDY. Atlantic Ocean - the almost studied and mastered past people. The first information nigh information technology is collected by the Phoenicians thousand years BC. e. Notwithstanding, just in the tenth century. Vikings managed to cross the body of water and reached from the shores of Europe to Greenland and North America. Beginning rapid development of oceans put in Fifteen Art. Christopher Columbus . Followed him carried out by pond the Portuguese, Spaniards, Englishmen. Since then the Atlantic Ocean became the main waterway on World.

Fig. Christopher Columbus Travel Routes

In the early nineteenth century. Russian expedition John Kruzenshtern and George Lysyansky conducted a study water samples from the depths. Comprehensive studies are started only at the end of the Atlantic century, using peculiarly equipped expeditionary vessels. English expedition on the ship "Challenger" soundings taken depths explored water mass backdrop, organic globe of the ocean. Nowadays, different countries oceanologist world keep to study the lesser water properties and current Atlantic.

Construction and bottom contour. Geologists at rock bottom samples plant that the Atlantic Body of water - the youngest ocean World. Almost in the centre Ocean north-southward stretch of the Mid-oceanic ridges - North and The North . They course a unique underwater mountain concatenation length of 17 000 km and peaks which rise above the lesser at 2000 m. Some peaks rise to a higher place the ocean, forming volcanic islands. Along eye ranges is error crust - Rift Valley - wide nigh 50 km. It is one of the biggest crack in the Globe'south surface. In this place the edge lithospheric plates, whose movements are accompanied by eruptions volcanoes and earthquakes. Outpouring of magma in the Rift Zone increasing state boards. This bottom of the Atlantic Ocean extends from the speed of two cm per year.

On both sides median ridges positioned flat bed Bounding main depths of 4 - 6 km. It rises hundreds of volcanic seamount origin. Compared to the Pacific Body of water Atlantic has a wider shelf, especially along the shores of Europe and North America.

Fig. Atlantic Ocean

Interesting geography

Where Atlantis disappeared

Aboriginal legends, which over 3 thousand years, talk nigh Atlantis, the island-continent that allegedly once existed in the Atlantic Ocean. It has said in the works ancient Greek philosopher Plato, who lived in and V Art. BC. due east. He writes about land, located on the Mediterranean Ocean, which suddenly took over the ocean. Already in our time many researchers tried to notice Atlantis sank. Some searched for her in western Africa, the second - in the Aegean Sea, the third - Indian Bounding main. However, the search proved futile. Until now, scientists contend that Atlantis was or was not, and if in that location was, what.

Working with map

one. In which hemispheres is the bounding main?

2. Which of the Atlantic shelf seas?

3. Requite examples of continental islands?

4. Proper noun the warm currents northern Atlantic. How do they touch on the climate of Europe?

5. Which management should reach the Mid-oceanic ridges in the Atlantic Ocean?

CLIMATE. The climatic weather of the Atlantic are very diverse. This is due to its placement in all climatic zones of the globe. Northern and southern parts of the ocean that are placed in polar and subpolar latitudes, have a harsh climate with negative temperatures for most of the year. In this southern part of the ocean in the northern colder because Antarctica is powerful cooler than the Arctic.

In temperate latitudes of the climate touch on due west winds, which generate a large number of storms (especially in winter). In tropical latitudes of the trade winds prevail. There observed н ayvyschi air temperature over the body of water (30 ⁰С) and n aymensh and rainfall . N of the equator take tropical cyclones, which sometimes plough into hurricanes. Initiating the coast of Africa, they are moved to the Caribbean, where the maximum gain force. In equatorial latitudes downwardly most rain - more than 2 000 mm per yr.

Fig. Atlantic Ocean off the declension of Antarctica

Water FLOW AND WEIGHT. Water masses differ temperature and salinity. Average temperature of surface waters in the Atlantic Sea are much lower than in the Pacific. Warmest water (26 ⁰C) - in equatorial and tropical latitudes. Farther to the northward and s h2o temperature decreases.

The highest salinity water (37,5 ‰) observed in tropical latitudes, prevailing bezdoschova and hot weather. In coastal Antarctic waters it down to 33 ‰ through desalination as a result of melting ice. Modest water salinity (18 ‰) are areas of body of water where the fresh menstruation water of large rivers. For instance, Amazon at the confluence of the Atlantic Ocean so oprisnyuye its water, even a few miles from the coast can be beverage. The feature of the Atlantic are numerous icebergs.

Currents in the Atlantic Ocean as the Pacific, class two range of water apportionment. Unlike the Pacific, they do not focus on latitude, and nearly along the meridians. The reason is vytyahnutist of the Atlantic north to south. Currents bear water masses, and with them the warm and cold from one in other latitudes. The best-known oestrus flow - Gulfstream, which drives warm tropical water northward. North of twoscore Northward Atlantic. Both streams heated not only the northern Atlantic, simply significantly mitigate climate in northern Europe. For this they are called "water heaters. Above them, formed a warm and moist air masses, and so in that location are clouds, precipitation, cyclones. Westerlies deport them further east - to Europe. From the Arctic Ocean in Atlantic is cold Labradorska currentWhich greatly reduces the temperature in the vicinity.

Fig. Atlantic Ocean currents

The organic world. Plants and Animals Atlantic Body of water views poorer than in the Pacific. This is due to geological youth Ocean. Atlantic mutual different types of algae - red, greenish, brown (Including the sarhassovi).

The greatest multifariousness of animals living in equatorial and tropical waters. Simply where there are flying fish, swordfish, bounding main turtle. Among the living coral reef barracuda, spynorih, butterfly fish, Angel fish. But in Sargasso Sea at a depth of 700 chiliad eels spawn, which arrives there from the rivers of Europe and Due north America. Since mammals are whales, seals. In the cold waters of a minor variety of species, just the total number of animals very large. On the coasts of continents and islands of many birds (gulls, guillemot) that eat fish.

Fig. Marine souvenirs

Fig. Beluga

Fig. Thank you to the actions of environmentalists over the last decade in Atlantic Bounding main whale population has increased

COMMERCIAL Employ. Atlantic Ocean washes the shores nearly developed countries. Its spaces were congenital busiest shipping routes, which runs hundreds of rider and cargo ships. On its shores have largest ports in the world. The coast and islands are great places for recreation and tourism.

Biological Resource used past man since fourth dimension immemorial. Among Fish is the biggest industrial importance are herring, cod, tuna, anchovies, capelin, bounding main bass, hake, flounder, sardine. In fish caught oysters, squid, crab bisque, shrimp. In some areas due to excessive harvesting of fish stocks have declined. For their restoration demand to reduce fishing for several years.

З Mineral Resources the shelf is oil and natural gas. They develop in the North Body of water Mexico and the Gulf of Guinea. Extraction is carried out by platforms installed in the sea. And so oil and gas pipelines, laid down, the pumping of raw storage. Underwater coal deposits developing the United kingdom and Canada. On the shelf most South Africa deposits of high quality diamonds. They are produced past specially enclosed and tuckered areas. Employ and building materials - sand, gravel, limestone-crush. With h2o getting salt and other substance.

Energy resources Atlantic had mastered. Nigh the coast France has ability, using tidal energy. Country C ⁰C) and deep (8 ⁰C) water layers.

POLLUTION PROBLEM. Atlantic waters polluted river h2o flow, coastal cities, oil. Most contaminated sea water areas are means in which ship the oil. Northward Ocean and coastal waters of Due north America are covered with oil bahatokilometrovymy spots.

Water pollution leads to reduction of fish. In polluted coastal waters, especially nearly major ports, emerging viruses dangerous diseases: hepatitis, cholera, typhoid fever. Through that many beaches of the Black, Baltic, Mediterranean unsafe for swimming.

Water pollution prevention atomic number 82 in unlike ways. For Ocean Conservation should ever monitor and monitoring its status. In many countries prohibited the drib in the ocean untreated h2o from industries and vehicles. Information technology should exist remembered, the body of water and land - inseparable. Unable to save the ocean, people can hardly and continue dry.

Questions and Tasks

1. Compare the geographic location and size Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

2. Why middle of the Atlantic have seredynnookeanichni ranges?

3. Why is water near the Atlantic declension Antarctica is of lower salinity?

four. Tell us about the organic world of the Atlantic.

5. What riches lie in the waters of the Atlantic Sea?

6. As a result, ocean waters are polluted?

seven. Consider why the North Atlantic called the kitchen weather in Europe.

8. Using the card "The structure of the Globe's crust, specify:

a) that lithospheric plates class the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean;

b) in what direction and how fast they are moving;

c) are landforms formed on the bottom equally a result of these movements.

Practical piece of work

1. Sign in contour map names: Islands - Republic of iceland, Bermuda, Greatcoat Verde; submarine ridges - Northward, The North.

two. Mark the corresponding colors are warm and cold currents and sign their names - Gulf Stream, Due north Atlantic, Labradorska, Canary.

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Source: https://geomap.com.ua/en-g7/1392.html

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